Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin emphasized in his latest blog post that the future scalability of Ethereum should primarily rely on Layer 2 (L2) solutions. He pointed out that L2 currently faces two major challenges: scalability and heterogeneity. To address these issues, Layer 1 (L1) needs to accelerate the expansion of blobs, moderately scale the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), and increase gas limits; L2, on the other hand, needs to enhance security, speed up improvements and standardize interoperability, shorten withdrawal and deposit times, and ensure basic interoperability requirements are met. Regarding the economics of ETH, Buterin suggested adopting a multi-faceted strategy to ensure that ETH continues to appreciate in a world dominated by L2 solutions.

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PANews reported on January 24 that Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin published his latest blog post "Expansion of Ethereum L1 and L2 in 2025 and Beyond", pointing out that L2 currently faces two major challenges: 1. Expansion: Our blob space can hardly cover the current L2 and use cases, and is far from enough to meet future needs. 2. Heterogeneity challenges: Each shard is created by different participants, and the infrastructure treats it as a different chain and often follows different standards, which translates into composability and user experience issues for developers and users.
 Buterin said that abandoning L2 would sacrifice too many benefits of Ethereum's current social structure, so the current route should be adhered to, mainly through L2 expansion, but to ensure that L2 truly delivers on the promises they are supposed to achieve. This means: 1. L1 needs to accelerate the expansion of blobs; 2. L1 also needs to moderately expand EVM and increase gas limits to handle the activities it will continue to have even in an L2-dominated world; 3. L2 needs to continue to improve security; 4. L2 and wallets need to accelerate improvements and standardize interoperability. 5. L2 deposit and withdrawal times need to become faster; 6. L2 heterogeneity is good as long as basic interoperability requirements are met; 7. The economics of ETH should be clearly thought about, and it is necessary to ensure that ETH can continue to increase in value even in an L2-dominated world, ideally solving various value-added models. The article mentioned that with Pectra scheduled to be released in March, it is planned to increase it to 6 blobs per slot.
 Regarding the economics of ETH, Buterin said that a multi-pronged strategy should be adopted to cover all major potential sources of value for ETH as a Triple Point asset (value storage asset, cash flow asset, consumable asset). Some key points of the strategy may include: 1. Broadly agree to establish ETH as the main asset of the larger (L1 + L2) Ethereum economy; 2. Encourage L2 to support ETH with a certain percentage of fees; 3. Support some paths based on rollups; 4. Increase the number of blobs, consider setting a minimum blob price, and consider blobs as another possible source of income.

Vitalik Buterin emphasizes that Ethereum's scalability should focus on Layer 2 solutions, discussing the economics of ETH.